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Unusual comparison nets new sleep loss marker

May 3, 2013 ? For years, Paul Shaw, PhD, a researcher at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, has used what he learns in fruit flies to look for markers of sleep loss in humans.

Shaw reverses the process in a new paper, taking what he finds in humans back to the flies and gaining new insight into humans as a result: identification of a human gene that is more active after sleep deprivation.

"I'm calling the approach cross-translational research," says Shaw, associate professor of neurobiology. "Normally we go from model to human, but there's no reason why we can't take our studies from human to model and back again."

Shaw and his colleagues plan to use the information they are gaining to create a panel of tests for sleep loss. The tests may one day help assess a person's risk of falling asleep at the wheel of a car or in other dangerous contexts.

PLOS One published the results on April 24.

Scientists have known for years that sleep disorders and disruption raise blood serum levels of interleukin 6, an inflammatory immune compound. Shaw showed that this change is also detectable in saliva samples from sleep-deprived rats and humans.

Based on this link, Shaw tested the activity of other immune proteins in humans to see if any changed after sleep loss. The scientists took saliva samples from research participants after they had a normal night's sleep and after they stayed awake for 30 hours. They found two immune genes whose activity levels rose during sleep deprivation.

"Normally we would do additional human experiments to verify these links," Shaw says. "But those studies can be quite expensive, so we thought we'd test the connections in flies first."

The researchers identified genes in the fruit fly that were equivalent to the human genes, but their activity didn't increase when flies lost sleep. When they screened other, similar fruit fly genes, though, the scientists found one that did.

"We've seen this kind of switch happen before as we compared families of fly genes and families of human genes," Shaw says. "Sometimes the gene performing a particular role will change, but the task will still be handled by a gene in the same family."

When the scientists looked for the human version of the newly identified fly marker for sleep deprivation, they found ITGA5 and realized it hadn't been among the human immune genes they screened at the start of the study. Testing ITGA5 activity in the saliva samples revealed that its activity levels increased during sleep deprivation.

"We will need more time to figure out how useful this particular marker will be for detecting sleep deprivation in humans," Shaw says. "In the meantime, we're going to continue jumping between our flies and humans to maximize our insights."

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Washington University School of Medicine. The original article was written by Michael C. Purdy.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Matthew S. Thimgan, Laura Gottschalk, Cristina Toedebusch, Jennifer McLeland, Allan Rechtschaffen, Marcia Gilliland-Roberts, Stephen P. Duntley, Paul J. Shaw. Cross-Translational Studies in Human and Drosophila Identify Markers of Sleep Loss. PLoS ONE, 2013; 8 (4): e61016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061016

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/Myxdqnu4Xbw/130503230415.htm

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Dr. Drew checks out of 'Celebrity Rehab'

TV

12 hours ago

Dr. Drew Pinsky

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Dr. Drew Pinsky said he will not continue doing "Celebrity Rehab."

Dr. Drew Pinsky has confirmed that he has officially checked out of "Celebrity Rehab."

The physician and reality TV star recently confirmed to the Zach Sang & the Gang radio program that there will be no more seasons of "Celebrity Rehab," mainly because he's tired of getting blamed when a celebrity he's treated ends up dying from their drug addiction.

"I don't have plans to do that again, " Pinsky said. "I'm tired of taking all the heat. It's just ridiculous."

Pinsky, who starred in and co-produced five seasons of "Celebrity Rehab," said that doing the show has become too stressful for him, due to the fact that everyone is quick to point fingers at him when one of his celebrity patients relapses.

"It's very stressful and very intense for me, " Pinsky said. "To have people questioning my motives and taking aim at me because people get sick and die because they have a life-threatening disease, and I take the blame? Rodney King has a heart attack and I take blame for that?"

Pinsky said that while many viewers think that much of what is shown on "Celebrity Rehab" is faked for the cameras, the show was very real.

"These are really sick people, that's why they die," Pinsky said. "These are people with life-threatening addiction. Bob [Forrest] and Shelly [Sprague] and I ran a program for 20 years and [for 'Celebrity Rehab'] we do what we always do and just let them run the cameras."

To date, five of Pinsky's "Celebrity Rehab" patients have died, most recently country singer Mindy McCready, who took her own life in February. Still, Pinsky credits the show for helping a lot of celebrities finally get clean.

"It's sad that we're not doing more shows because people did get help," he said. "A lot of people are sober because of 'Celebrity Rehab' who wouldn't have been sober without it."

Pinsky added that he credits actor Tom Sizemore as the show's biggest success story. The actor, who was featured on the show's third season, had been trying unsuccessfully to get clean for years before coming on the show.

"We worked with him 10 years before [he came on the show]," Pinsky said. "Bob and I worked with him a lot and couldn't get him sober. And he got sober on 'Celebrity Rehab.' That's awesome."

Pinsky has practiced addiction medicine for 20 years, and said he continues to work with patients every week, in addition to hosting the nightly "Loveline" radio program, as well as his own talk show, "Dr. Drew on Call" on the HLN channel.

Source: http://www.today.com/entertainment/dr-drew-checks-out-celebrity-rehab-6C9751586

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U.N. head, Security Council envoys discuss Syria as mediator wants out

By Michelle Nichols

UNITED NATIONS (Reuters) - U.N. chief Ban Ki-moon and ambassadors from the United States, Britain, France, Russia and China discussed on Thursday "possible diplomatic moves to end" the Syria conflict after U.N. diplomats said mediator Lakhdar Brahimi was determined to quit.

Diplomats, speaking on the condition of anonymity, said on Wednesday that Brahimi wanted to resign from the joint U.N.-Arab League role because he is frustrated with international deadlock over how to end Syria's two-year war that has killed 70,000.

The envoys from the permanent five veto-wielding members of the U.N. Security Council declined to comment after meeting with the secretary-general. A dispute between Russia and the United States over Syria has left the council paralyzed.

Brahimi, appointed last year after former U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan resigned as Syria mediator, also wants to distance himself from the Arab League, envoys said, because of its decision to recognize Syria's opposition.

Brahimi felt that move undermined his neutrality. He could quit the joint mediator role and possibly be reappointed as an U.N. adviser to Ban an Syria, diplomats said.

Ban's spokesman Martin Nesirky said of Ban's meeting with the council envoys: "(They) discussed possible diplomatic moves to end the crisis. He briefed them on the latest developments relating to the chemical weapons investigation mission."

Syria has blocked unfettered access by the U.N. mission, which was created by Ban nearly six weeks ago and has an advance team in Cyprus ready to deploy to Syria. Diplomats say it is unlikely it will gain access any time soon.

The Syrian government and the opposition blame each other for alleged chemical weapons attacks in Aleppo in March and Homs in December. Ban wants the inquiry to look at both incidents, but Syria only wants the U.N. to probe the Aleppo attack.

U.S. President Barack Obama on Tuesday said that there was evidence that chemical weapons had been used in Syria, but that it was not yet known how the chemical weapons were used, when they were used and who used them.

Obama has warned Syria's government that the use of chemical weapons could trigger unspecified consequences. He told a news conference on Tuesday that he had asked the U.S. military to prepare options on Syria, but declined to give further details.

Forces loyal to President Bashar al-Assad retook a central district in the city of Homs on Thursday, driving a wedge between two isolated pockets of rebel resistance in Syria's third largest city, fighters and activists said.

Nesirky said Ban and the permanent five Security Council envoys also discussed on Thursday "the ever-worsening humanitarian situation inside Syria and the neighboring countries, and international efforts to alleviate it."

Five million people have fled their homes, including 1.4 million refugees in nearby countries, the United Nations says.

(Reporting by Michelle Nichols; Editing by Cynthia Osterman)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/u-n-head-security-council-envoys-discuss-syria-173322942.html

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বৃহস্পতিবার, ২ মে, ২০১৩

MiiPC offers backers double the memory for $15, throws in a free mic

MiiPC offers backers double the memory for $15, throws in a free mic

With a week left in an already successful Kickstarter campaign (approaching three times its initial $50,000 goal), the makers of the MiiPC are giving backers the chance to increase their system's memory. Add $15 before the close of the project and you'll be able to double things up, from 1GB to 2GB of RAM and 4GB to 8GB of storage -- the move comes in response to pledger feedback, according to the company. And speaking of listening, the makers of the parental-friendly Android PC are also tossing in a free built-in mic for those who pre-ordered, just for good measure.

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Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/05/01/miipc-memory/?utm_medium=feed&utm_source=Feed_Classic&utm_campaign=Engadget

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SOINN gets intelligence boost, uses web-based image search to ID objects

SOINN robot gets intelligence boost, uses webbased image search to identify objects

Tokyo Institute of Technology's SOINN (Self-Organizing Incremental Neural Network) bot was impressive enough during our first introduction back in 2011, but the intelligent device can now tap the web for its latest trick: accurate object identification. The updated system, which appears to utilize a database akin to Google's image search, can scour the web for similar shots, making it possible to ID objects based on comparable structures published on the web. It can distinguish a box cutter from a knife, for example, or a rickshaw from a car. For now, SOINN is limited to identifying objects in images, including those captured in realtime with a camera, but its designers imagine that future revisions could enable content recognition in video streams, and audio clips, too. Our friends at DigInfo saw the update in action -- check it out for yourself in the video after the break.

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Source: DigInfo.TV

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/05/01/soinn-robot-image-search/?utm_medium=feed&utm_source=Feed_Classic&utm_campaign=Engadget

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